Which treaty focuses on greenhouse gas emissions reductions?

• A. Montreal Protocol
• B. Kyoto Protocol
• C. Paris Agreement
• D. Copenhagen Accord

Answer: (B)

This question tests understanding of how different international agreements handle reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol is the one that directly set legally binding targets for reducing these emissions, primarily for developed countries, with quantified goals and mechanisms to help meet them. That concrete, enforceable reduction requirement is what makes it the treaty focused on cutting greenhouse gases.

In contrast, the Montreal Protocol mainly targets the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances, so its primary aim isn’t reducing greenhouse gases. The Paris Agreement establishes a broad framework where countries submit nationally determined contributions to cut emissions, but those targets are generally not legally binding in the same way and are designed to be revisable over time. The Copenhagen Accord was a non-binding political agreement with no enforceable targets. So, for a treaty centered on actual, legally binding greenhouse gas reductions, the Kyoto Protocol is the best fit.