The last Filipino general to surrender during the Filipino-American War?

• A. Antonio Luna
• B. Simeon Ola
• C. Gregorio del Pilar
• D. Manuel Tinio

Answer: (B)

The last Filipino general to surrender illustrates how organized, high-level resistance lingered even after most key leaders had been defeated or killed. Simeon Ola led Filipino forces in the Bicol region and kept fighting longer than other generals who were captured, killed, or forced to capitulate earlier in the war. His eventual surrender to American authorities marked the final formal capitulation of a Filipino general, signaling that the organized military opposition at the general-officer level had ended. This contrasts with other well-known leaders who either died in combat or surrendered earlier, such as those who were defeated or captured before Ola. While smaller guerrilla groups continued in some areas after his surrender, no senior generals remained in arms, which is why Ola is remembered as the last general to surrender.